every new BEGINNING has its own beautiful ENDING

Chapter 5

IDIOMS 

when you speak English with other, idiom will make you even so sexy!

There are some idioms that may be can help you, they are:

A walk in the park
Arti: Pekerjaan yang sangat mudah (seperti berjalan-jalan di taman).

Bark up the wrong tree
Arti: Marah/mengomel/memberi saran/berbicara/meminta kepada orang yang salah.

Better safe than sorry
Arti: Lebih baik bersiap-siap daripada menyesal (sedia payung sebelum hujan).

Breaking the ice
Arti: memecah ketegangan.

Call it a day
Arti: Break atau istirahat sejenak (sampai hari ini berakhir) dari suatu pekerjaan.

Can of Worms
Arti: Tindakan yang akan mengakibatkan masalah.
Contoh: “Calling him again is like opening a can of worms”

“Cat got your tongue?”
Arti: Terdiam ketika seharusnya mengatakan sesuatu.
Contoh: “Why don’t you say something? Does cat got your tongue?”

Come clean
Arti: Berterus terang, membuka kebohongan/rahasia, mengaku.

Cut like (hot) knife through butter
Arti: Memotong sesuatu dengan mudah (seperti pisau panas menembus mentega).

Easier said than done
Arti: Beribicara lebih mudah daripada mengerjakan, tidak semudah kelihatannya.

Fish story
Arti: Cerita bohong.

Greek gift
Arti: Hadiah yang merugikan si penerima.

Jack of all trades
Arti: Orang yang serba bisa dalam usaha.

Man proposes, God disposes
Arti: Manusia punya rencana, Tuhan yang menentukan.

Mind over matter
Arti: Menyatakan kekuatan pikiran (willpower).

More than meets the eye

Arti: Sesuatu yang memilik arti lebih daripada yang terlihat mata.

Needle in a (hay)stack
Arti: Jarum dalam tumpukan jerami, mencari sesuatu yang hampir mustahil.

Peeping Tom
Arti: Orang yang suka mengintip, suka mengamati seseorang.

Pep talk
Arti: Kata-kata/pembicaraan yang bertujuan untuk menyemangati. Misal dalam olahraga, pelatih memberi “pep talk” ketika timnya sedang tertinggal dari lawan.

Piece of cake/easy as pie
Arti: Pekerjaan yang sangat mudah, pie adalah istilah slang Amerika untuk “gampang”.

Rain check Arti: Menunda sesuatu, menjadwalkan ulang, atau menghindari pertemuan secara halus.
Contoh: A: “Will you have lunch with me?”  B: “I think I’m gonna have a rain check”  (bisa berarti kita makan siang bersama lain kali saja atau menolak secara halus).

Saved by the bell Arti: Selamat dari bahaya atau situasi buruk yang hampir saja terjadi (nyaris).

Take a hike

Arti: Mengusir seseorang.
Contoh: “Why don’t you take a hike or something”

Take for granted
Arti: Sesuatu yang tidak dihargai, karena dianggap sudah selayaknya didapat.
Contoh: He taken Anne for granted (Dia tidak menghargai Anne, karena merasa bersama Anne bukan hal yang istimewa, tetapi adalah hal biasa yang sudah selayaknya ia peroleh).

Chapter 4

"An absolute LOVE will NEVER let you down"

Chapter 3

The Definition of Lexical Morphemes

1. Lexical Morphemes are morphemes which have consistent meaning beyond whatever grammatical information they also carry. Lexical morphemes are divided into bases and affixes. (Modern English Grammar).


2. Lexical morphology is the branch of morphology that deals with the lexicon, which, morphologically conceived, is the collection of lexemes in a language. As such, it concerns itself primarily with word formation: derivation and compounding. In linguistics, the lexicon of a language is its vocabulary, including its words and expressions. A lexicon is also a synonym of the word thesaurus. More formally, it is a language's inventory of lexemes. (Wikipedia)

   3. Lexeme refers to word as lexical unit that is abstract. Every language lists lexemes alphabetically as entries in the dictionary. If we look for the meaning of word ‘taking’ in the dictionary we will find the word in the entry of take. In the entry of take, besides the word taking, we see that take can also become takes, took, andtaken. This take is the ‘abstract form’ of the words takes, took, taken, and taking. Thus, take here is Lexeme. Conventionally, every lexeme should be written in capital letters. (Leonard Bloomfield, 1935)


4. Lexical morphemes are those that having meaning by themselves accurately, they have sense. Nouns, verbs, adjectives ({boy}, {buy}, {big}) are typical lexical morphemes. ( Handout for Psy 598-02, summer 2001:2)

5.  Lexical Morphemes ( in my opinion )

Lexeme refers to word as lexical unit that is abstract; moreover, it has its own meaning accurately. Every language lists lexemes alphabetically as entries in the dictionary. A lexicon is also a synonym of the word thesaurus. Lexicon of a language is itsvocabulary, including its words and expressions. Lexical morphemes are divided into bases and affixes.


Lexical morphemes comprise nouns, verbs, adjectives and adverbs.

Chapter 2

British Parliamentary Debating System

Introduction

In applying the Communicative Language Teaching you may use the British Parliamentary (BP) debating system in the class. This technique may be will fit your students in improving their speaking skill. Here they are the terminology, and the roles, of the BP debating system.

Because of the style's origins in British Parliamentary procedure, the two sides are called the Government and Opposition. The speakers are similarly titled:

1.     Opening Government (first faction):

1.   Prime Minister

2.   Deputy Prime Minister

2.     Opening Opposition (second faction):

1.   Leader of the Opposition

2.   Deputy Leader of the Opposition

3.     Closing Government (third faction):

1.   Member for the Government

2.   Government Whip

4.     Closing Opposition (fourth faction):

1.   Member for the Opposition

2.   Opposition Whip

Speaking alternates between the two sides and the order of the debate is therefore:

1.     Prime Minister

2.     Leader of the Opposition

3.     Deputy Prime Minister

4.     Deputy Leader of the Opposition

5.     Member for the Government

6.     Member for the Opposition

7.     Government Whip

8.     Opposition Whip

As British Parliamentary debates take place between four teams their roles are split into two categories, those for the Opening factions, and those for the Closing faction

1. Opening faction
The first faction on each Government and Opposition team, known as the Opening Factions, has four basic roles in a British Parliamentary debate. They must:

·         Define the motion of the debate.

·         Present their case.

·         Respond to arguments of the opposing first faction.

·         Maintain their relevance during the debate.

The Opening Government team has the semi-divine right of definition, preventing the opposition from challenging their definition of the motion unless it is clearly unreasonable.

2.  Closing factions

The roles of the second two factions are to:

·         Introduce a case extension.

·         Establish and maintain their relevance early in the debate.

·         Respond to the arguments of the first factions.

·         Respond to the case extension of the opposing second faction.

In addition, the final two speakers of the debate (known as the Whips) take a similar role to the third speakers in Australia-Asian debating:

·         The opposition whip may not introduce new arguments for his faction, the government's whip may add new positive material as long as it's "small" and does not start a new line of argumentation. This is a relatively new standard that has become the standard at the Worlds University Debating Championship, as well as the European University Debating Championship;

·         They must respond to both opposing factions' arguments;

·         They should briefly sum up their Opening Faction's case;

·         They should offer a conclusion of their own faction's case extension.

In every debate, there is Point of Information that supposed to be there in order to make the debate goes absolutely flying. The style demands that all speakers offer Point of Information (POIs) to their opposition. POIs are important in British Parliamentary style, as it allows the first two factions to maintain their relevance during the course of the debate, and the last two factions to introduce their arguments early in the debate. The first and last minute of each speech is considered "protected time", during which no Point of Information  may be offered.

AREL will be the student’s guide in making a logically acceptable argumentation to deliver in order to pursue the adjudicators, or the one who score the debate. AREL is Assertion, Reasoning, Evidence, and Link back.  Assertion is related to the way the debater identify the motion; moreover, the debater have to explain the motion, convey their opinion which will be sum up as a good reasoning. Evidence will help the debater so much in order to prove that their argumentation is based on fact. Link back will be thing that makes the adjudicators believe that both the reason and the evidence is related to the topic.

Sabtu, 28 April 2012

Chapter 1

"every new BEGINNING has its own beautiful ENDING